The Sturgeon River is a 177 kilometres (110 mi) long river that springs near Lady Evelyn-Smoothwater Provincial Park in the Timiskaming District in Ontario, Canada. It flows in a south-easterly direction through Sudbury and Nipissing Districts before it empties at the north shore of and into Lake Nipissing. The town of Sturgeon Falls is located on the river about 3 km north of its mouth. The northerly region of the river is surrounded by the Sturgeon River Provincial Park.
Ontario Power Generation operates a hydroelectric plant on the river at Crystal Falls. From 1848 to 1879, the Hudson's Bay Company operated a fur trading post called Sturgeon River House on this river. Up until the middle of the 20th century, the river was used to transport logs to sawmills on Lake Nipissing.
Tributaries of the Sturgeon River are:
Portions of the upper Sturgeon River are part of the Sturgeon River Waterway Provincial Park. This park consists of 33.5 km2 (12.9 sq mi) of protected wilderness stretched out along the river banks without any visitors facilities present. It is managed by Ontario Parks.